Demo · Task 1 Map · Meadowbrook Secondary School
Từ 850 lên 1.600 học sinh: đọc bản đồ, chọn trục, viết đúng band
Bài mẫu áp cấu trúc hướng dẫn Map vào đúng dữ liệu hai bản đồ bên trái — từng bước phân tích, rồi overview và thân bài viết lại ở bốn mức band 6 → 9 để đối chiếu. Bản đồ ở cột trái luôn đi theo khi anh cuộn xuống.
01Phân tích đề — 4 câu hỏi
Trước khi đặt bút, trả lời 4 câu hỏi của khung hướng dẫn cho đúng dữ liệu bản đồ Meadowbrook.
02Quét bản đồ theo 4 nhóm thay đổi
Đi từng công trình một, gán vào đúng 1 trong 4 nhóm — đây là nguyên liệu thô cho cả overview lẫn thân bài.
| Công trình | Nhóm | Ghi chú vị trí (theo mốc neo) |
|---|---|---|
| Entrance / Exit / con đường nối | GIỮ NGUYÊN | Dọc biên bắc, hai đầu trái–phải |
| Office | GIỮ NGUYÊN | Góc tây bắc |
| Car park | MỞ RỘNG | Trung tâm bắc, giữa Office và Science block — giữ nguyên vị trí nhưng diện tích tăng khoảng 1/3 (đo theo toạ độ vector: ~11.800 → ~15.500 đơn vị²) |
| Science block | MỞ RỘNG | Góc đông bắc — tăng từ 2 lên 4 tầng (chiều cao), giữ nguyên vị trí nền và diện tích mặt bằng |
| Library → Learning Resource Centre + IT suite | THAY THẾ | Ngay phía nam Office/Car park, cùng nền đất với Thư viện cũ |
| Classrooms (single storey) | GIỮ NGUYÊN | Cạnh Learning Resource Centre, phía tây Science block |
| Swimming pool | THÊM MỚI | Ngay phía nam Learning Resource Centre, lấn vào rìa bắc sân chơi |
| Sports hall | THÊM MỚI | Ngay phía nam Classrooms, áp sát tường tây của Science block |
| Playing field (+ sân bóng, hàng cây) | THU HẸP | Vẫn giữ trọn chiều ngang, nhưng chiều sâu giảm còn ~55% — tức diện tích giảm gần một nửa |
Không có công trình nào bị phá bỏ hoàn toàn theo đúng nghĩa "biến mất" — Thư viện được thay thế tại chỗ, sân chơi chỉ bị thu hẹp chứ không biến mất. Chi tiết này quyết định việc chọn trục ở mục 04. Lưu ý: Car park là trường hợp lai — vừa "giữ vị trí" vừa "mở rộng diện tích" cùng lúc; đây chính là chi tiết hay bị bỏ sót ở band 6–7 (gộp luôn vào nhóm giữ nguyên) nhưng được band 9 bắt chính xác.
03Overview theo band — 4 khe
Cùng một dữ liệu, khác nhau ở việc có gọi tên bản chất, có phân cấp, và điền đủ 4 khe hay không.
Overall, there were several changes to Meadowbrook Secondary School. A swimming pool and a sports hall were built, the science block became four storeys instead of two, and the library was replaced by a Learning Resource Centre. The playing field became smaller. The office, the car park and the classrooms did not change.
Overall, there were many changes at Meadowbrook Secondary School. A swimming pool and a sports hall were built, the science block became four floors instead of two, and the library became a Learning Resource Centre. The playing field became smaller. The office, the car park and the classrooms did not change.
Vấn đề: 6 câu liệt kê ngang hàng, không câu nào gọi tên bản chất (mở rộng quy mô để đáp ứng số học sinh tăng), không có từ phân cấp "cái nào lớn nhất". Từ vựng dễ hay khó thì lỗi này vẫn y nguyên — đây là lỗi logic, không phải lỗi từ vựng.
Overall, Meadowbrook Secondary School underwent substantial redevelopment to accommodate its near-doubling student population, with new sports facilities added across almost the entire central section of the grounds. The most significant change was the construction of a swimming pool and a sports hall on what used to be part of the playing field, alongside the expansion of the science block — north-east of the office — from two to four storeys, while the entrance, exit, office and car park remained in their original positions throughout.
Overall, Meadowbrook Secondary School became much bigger to make room for almost twice as many students, and new sports buildings were added in almost all of the middle part of the school. The biggest change was that a swimming pool and a sports hall were built where part of the playing field used to be, and the science block, north-east of the office, grew from two floors to four, but the entrance, the exit, the office and the car park stayed in the same place.
Overall, the school was transformed from a modest facility catering for 850 pupils into a considerably larger and better-resourced campus serving almost twice that number, the redevelopment being concentrated almost entirely in the central belt of the grounds where the playing field once stretched uninterrupted. Chief among the changes were the addition of a swimming pool and sports hall, encroaching on the northern edge of the field, and the vertical expansion of the science block, north-east of the office, which grew from two to four storeys, whereas the entrance, exit and office remained exactly as they had been three decades earlier, the car park alone being noticeably larger despite staying in the same spot.
Overall, the school changed from a small school for 850 students into a much bigger school with more facilities for almost twice as many students, and almost all of the new building work happened in the middle of the school, where the playing field used to be. The two biggest changes were the new swimming pool and sports hall next to the playing field, and the science block, north-east of the office, which became taller, growing from two floors to four, while the entrance, the exit and the office stayed exactly the same as before — only the car park, though it stayed in the same place, became a bit bigger.
Overall, the school underwent a wholesale expansion to keep pace with an almost twofold rise in its student roll, virtually the entire central strip of the grounds being given over to new or enlarged provision. Most notably, a swimming pool and sports hall sprang up where open field had once stood, while the science block, north-east of the office, was raised from two storeys to four — the entrance, exit and office alone stood exactly as they had thirty years before, the car park being the sole partial exception, enlarged by roughly a third yet anchored in precisely the same spot.
Overall, the school grew a lot to fit almost twice as many students as before, and almost the whole middle part of the school was used for new or bigger buildings. Most importantly, a swimming pool and a sports hall were built where open field used to be, and the science block, north-east of the office, became taller, growing from two floors to four — only the entrance, the exit and the office stayed exactly the same as thirty years before; the car park is the one exception, staying in the same place but becoming about a third bigger.
Điểm khác biệt band 9: gọi đúng chi tiết tinh vi mà band 7–8 thường bỏ qua hoặc chỉ nói chung chung — car park không hề "biến mất khỏi danh sách thay đổi", nó là ca lai (giữ vị trí + tăng diện tích ~1/3), và band 9 định lượng đúng tỉ lệ dù dùng từ khó (band gốc) hay từ dễ (bản A2).
04Chọn trục thân bài — áp cây quyết định
from [đầu] into [cuối]. Thân 1 = bố cục 1990 (kèm chú thích cái nào còn giữ ở hiện tại). Thân 2 = những gì đã thay đổi để thành hiện tại.Thứ tự danh từ trong overview phải khớp thứ tự xuất hiện ở hai đoạn thân bài — overview trên đã nêu "car park, science block... library... swimming pool, sports hall" — thân 1 nên mở bằng car park/office/science block, thân 2 mới đến library/pool/hall.
05"Khe" trong từng đoạn thân bài là gì?
4 khe ở overview là khe cấp bài. Ở cấp đoạn, mỗi đoạn thân bài cũng cần đủ khe để không rơi vào liệt kê rời rạc như band 6.
Template 1 đoạn thân bài
Band 6 thường chỉ có khe chi tiết, thiếu khe neo và khe khép đoạn → đoạn văn đọc như một danh sách gạch đầu dòng viết liền câu.
06Thân bài theo band — CC 6 → 9
Cùng nội dung (Thân 2 — những thay đổi), viết lại 4 lần để thấy CC tăng dần: từ câu rời rạc dùng "it", đến mệnh đề quan hệ và liên kết tinh vi. Từ band 7 trở lên, câu mở đoạn luôn neo theo office trước — "car park" chỉ được nhắc lại như điểm phụ nối tiếp, không bao giờ đứng làm mốc gốc.
In 1990, there was a library and some classrooms. Now, it is not there anymore. It is a Learning Resource Centre. It has an IT suite. The science block was small. It has 4 storeys now. A swimming pool and a sports hall were built. They are new. The playing field is smaller than before.
In 1990, there was a library and some classrooms. Now, it is not there anymore. It is a Learning Resource Centre. It has a computer room. The science block was small. It has 4 floors now. A swimming pool and a sports hall were built. They are new. The playing field is smaller than before.
Lỗi điển hình: "it/they" lặp lại không rõ chỉ vật gì; câu rời từng ý một, không liên từ; lẫn thì hiện tại ("is/has") vào giữa bài toàn quá khứ; 0 từ chỉ vị trí. Từ khó hay dễ thì lỗi CC này vẫn y nguyên.
Just south of the office, the library was converted into a Learning Resource Centre, complete with an IT suite, while the classrooms next to it remained single-storey as before. Further east, past the car park, the science block was also expanded from two to four storeys. Perhaps most notably, a swimming pool and a sports hall were newly constructed further south still, along the northern edge of the playing field, meaning that the field itself, although still home to a football pitch, became noticeably smaller than in 1990.
Just south of the office, the library became a Learning Resource Centre with a computer room, but the classrooms next to it stayed the same, with only one floor. Further east, past the car park, the science block also grew — it went from two floors to four. Maybe the biggest change was that a new swimming pool and a new sports hall were built even further south, next to the playing field, so the field, although it still has a football pitch, became noticeably smaller than before.
Đủ: mở câu bằng cụm vị trí neo theo office (mốc bất biến tuyệt đối), rồi mới nhắc "car park" như điểm phụ nối tiếp — đúng kỹ thuật "neo rồi mới lan". Liên từ while/meaning that, nhắc lại danh từ (the field itself) thay vì "it". Đạt phép thử 10 giây (≥3 từ vị trí).
Bản A2 vẫn giữ đúng logic: câu mở đoạn neo theo office trước, rồi mới đi tiếp qua "car park" — không dùng car park làm mốc gốc vì nó không bất biến tuyệt đối (xem § "mốc neo"). Liên từ đơn giản but/so thay vì "it", nhắc lại "the field" rõ ràng. Từ dễ hơn nhưng khung CC không đổi.
Immediately south of the office, the library gave way to a Learning Resource Centre equipped with an IT suite, whereas the adjacent single-storey classrooms were left untouched. Further east, past the car park, the science block was extended vertically, rising from two storeys to four. The most striking addition, however, was the pair of new sports facilities — a swimming pool and a sports hall — which were built directly onto the northern fringe of the playing field well south of the office, a change that, combined with the new buildings, left the field's depth reduced to roughly half what it had been, despite the field retaining its central football pitch and tree-lined southern boundary.
Immediately south of the office, the library became a Learning Resource Centre with a computer room, but the classrooms next to it stayed the same. Further east, past the car park, the science block got taller, going from two floors to four. The biggest change, though, was the two new sports buildings — a swimming pool and a sports hall — which were built further south, right next to the playing field. Because of this, the field became about half its old size, but it still has its football pitch and its trees at the edge.
Vẫn neo theo office ở câu mở đoạn, "car park" chỉ là điểm phụ khi đi tiếp sang science block. Mệnh đề quan hệ ("which were built…", "a change that…"), câu dài có cấu trúc phân tầng, không lặp chủ ngữ máy móc.
Bản A2 vẫn neo theo office trước, car park chỉ là điểm phụ. Vẫn dùng mệnh đề quan hệ đơn giản ("which were built…") và câu ghép bằng "because of this" — cùng vai trò tạo tầng lớp cho câu như bản gốc, chỉ đổi từ vựng.
Just south of the office, the library was replaced by a Learning Resource Centre housing an IT suite, the single-storey classrooms beside it being the sole feature left entirely as it was. Further east, beyond the car park, the science block was extended upward rather than outward, doubling in height from two storeys to four. The most consequential addition, though, was the introduction of a swimming pool and sports hall directly onto the field's former northern fringe, well south of the office — a development that, taken together with the taller science block, accounts for almost all of the site's growth, leaving the playing field roughly half its former depth, though still anchored by its central pitch and tree-lined edge.
Just south of the office, the library was changed into a Learning Resource Centre with a computer room, and the classrooms beside it were the only thing left exactly the same. Further east, past the car park, the science block grew taller instead of wider, going from two floors to four. The most important new building, though, was the swimming pool and sports hall built further south, right where the field used to be — and because of this, together with the taller science block, the playing field is now about half as deep as before, though it still has its football pitch and its trees at the edge.
Vẫn neo theo office, "car park" chỉ đóng vai điểm phụ khi bắc cầu sang science block. Cụm phân từ độc lập ("the classrooms… being the sole feature…"), đối lập tinh vi ("upward rather than outward"), một câu chủ đề bao trọn nguyên nhân–hệ quả thay vì liệt kê.
Bản A2 vẫn neo theo office trước tiên. Vẫn giữ cụm kiểu phân từ đơn giản ("were the only thing left exactly the same"), đối lập đơn giản ("taller instead of wider"), và gộp nguyên nhân–hệ quả bằng "and because of this, together with…" — đúng logic band 9, chỉ khác từ vựng.
07Checklist trước khi nộp — áp cho bài Meadowbrook
- Overview tách đoạn riêng, không gộp vào mở bài
- Overview gọi tên bản chất: "expansion to accommodate near-doubling population", không chỉ liệt kê pool/hall/science block
- Đủ 4 khe: bản chất – mức độ – lớn nhất – giữ nguyên (office/entrance/exit, và car park nếu định lượng đúng phần diện tích tăng)
- Không dùng left/right, in front/behind, above/below — chỉ north/south/adjacent to/along the edge of
- Thân bài có ≥3 động từ thay đổi khác nhau: was converted into, was expanded, were newly constructed
- Không câu tả tĩnh kiểu "there is/there was" mở đoạn
- Thứ tự danh từ overview khớp thứ tự hai đoạn thân bài (car park/science block trước, library/pool/hall sau)
- 170–190 từ; không phạt nếu tới ~220 từ